Outputs In addition to peer-reviewed journal articles, the Smith School team publishes working papers, reports and policy briefs to provide timely public access to results emerging from our research, to promote discussion and to inform debate. ThemeBiodiversityClimateEconomicsEnergyEnterpriseFinanceFoodLawRegenerative economyWater Output typeWorking paperReportPolicy BriefExecutive Summary Lost potential: how the kidnapping of a solar energy pioneer impacted the cost of renewable energy and the climate crisis (Opens in a new tab) Uncovering a forgotten chapter in solar energy history: in the early 1900s George Cove, a renewable energy inventor was shining a light on alternative energy sources with his revolutionary invention. It harnessed the photovoltaic effect to power small household devices. ( 2 MB , 18 ) | October 2023 Dr Sugandha Srivastav Britain’s energy demand could be met entirely by wind and solar – both practically and economically (Opens in a new tab) Policy brief from the working paper: Britain’s energy demand could be met entirely by wind and solar – both practically and economically. ( 311KB , 3 ) | September 2023 Brian O’Callaghan, Emily Hu, Jonathan Israel, Chris Llewellyn Smith, Rupert Way, Cameron Hepburn Cleaning up cleaning: policy and stakeholder interventions to put household formulations on a pathway to net zero (Opens in a new tab) Working paper developed with Oxford Department of Chemistry, in partnership with Unilever, highlights the ‘hidden’ carbon emissions of cleaning products such as laundry detergents and shampoo. It calls for national strategies for sustainable, bio-carbon feedstocks to open up a pathway to net zero for these products and suggests a portfolio of policy options to ‘clean up cleaning’. [Working Paper No. 23-07] ( 2.7 Mb , 87 ) | September 2023 Katherine. A. Collett, Emily Fry, Sophie Griggs, Cameron Hepburn, Gloria Rosetto, Nadia Schroeder, Anupama Sen, Charlotte Williams Could Britain’s energy demand be met entirely by wind and solar? (Opens in a new tab) This paper estimates the practical contributions that wind and solar electricity generation could make to decarbonise the GB domestic electricity system, incorporating recent advances in technology and significant declines in cost. It demonstrates that Great Britain’s practical wind and solar resources are more than sufficient to economically meet total net domestic energy needs. [Working paper 23-02] ( 2 MB , 71 ) | September 2023 Brian O’Callaghan, Emily Hu, Jonathan Israel, Chris Llewellyn Smith, Rupert Way, Cameron Hepburn Demand or Supply? An empirical exploration of the effects of climate change on the macroeconomy [Working paper 23-05] (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.6 MB , 74 ) | July 2023 Matteo Ciccarelli, Fulvia Marotta Vulnerability to Climate Change: Evidence from a Dynamic Factor Model (Opens in a new tab) New model used to study how temperature and rainfall are changing in different countries. This model showed how much global temperatures have gone up and how each country's temperatures are changing in relation to the global trend, helping to understand which countries are most affected by global warming. [Working paper 23-06] ( 1.5 MB , 34 ) | July 2023 Fulvia Marotta, Haroon Mumtaz Designing for Comparability: a foundational principle of analysis missing in carbon reporting systems (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.96mb , 70 ) | July 2023 Jimmy Jia, Abrar Chaudhury, Nicola Ranger Mission Climate Ready: Unleashing finance and investment for a prosperous Climate Ready economy (Opens in a new tab) ( 647 KB , 14 ) | July 2023 Nicola Ranger, Catherine Bremner, Kathryn Brown, Kit England, Sam Fankhauser, Ingrid Holmes, Emma Howard Boyd Report: Mission Climate Ready: Unleashing finance and investment for a prosperous Climate Ready economy (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.7 Mb , 78 ) | July 2023 Nicola Ranger, Catherine Bremner, Kathryn Brown, Kit England, Sam Fankhauser, Ingrid Holmes, Emma Howard Boyd The Green Phoenix Framework: a climate-positive plan for economic recovery in Ukraine [Working paper 23-03] (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.13MB , 59 ) | June 2023 Anastasiia Zagoruichyk, Oleh Savytskyi, Ievgeniia Kopytsia, Brian O'Callaghan A clean energy transition powered by modern renewables can turbocharge the UK economy, and net zero transition (Opens in a new tab) ( 409 KB , 6 ) | June 2023 Lennart Baumgärtner, Cameron Hepburn, Anupama Sen, Rupert Way Mobilising investment for Climate Compatible Growth Zambia (Opens in a new tab) ( 4.5 Mb , 64 ) | June 2023 Money, A., Carew-Jones, G., Rowley, L., Grey, J., Daka, R., Ching’ambo, L.. Desai, K., Sambo, C., Mwamba, S., Miti, L., Maliseni, J., Ndiili Mobilising investment for Climate Compatible Growth Zambia - Executive Summary (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.9Mb , 8 ) | June 2023 Money, A., Carew-Jones, G., Rowley, L., Grey, J., Daka, R., Ching’ambo, L.. Desai, K., Sambo, C., Mwamba, S., Miti, L., Maliseni, J., Ndiili, N. Impact on solar energy costs of tripling renewables capacity by 2030 [Analysis] (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.63 MB , 4 ) | May 2023 Rupert Way, Cameron Hepburn Decarbonising state-owned power companies [Working paper 23-01] (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.65MB , 52 ) | May 2023 Moritz Schwarz, Philippe Benoit, Alex Clark Net zero portfolio targets for development finance institutions (DFIs): challenges and solutions (Opens in a new tab) ( 7.1MB , 26 ) | March 2023 Sam Fankhauser, Sugandha Srivastav, Ingrid Sundvor, Stephanie Hirmer and Gireesh Shrimali Keeping piped water flowing in rural India (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.3 MB , 14 ) | March 2023 Rob Hope, Duncan McNicholl, Medha Mukherjee and Nicolas Dickinson Case studies in adaptation finance (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.1MB , 37 ) | February 2023 Sam Fankhauser, Kirsty Britz, Ian Dickie, Kit England, Candice Howarth and Nicola Ranger The role of Ministries of Finance in driving and shaping the low-carbon energy transition (Opens in a new tab) ( 7MB , 56 ) | January 2023 Swedish Energy Agency and Smith School collaboration The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal (Opens in a new tab) ( 27MB , 109 ) | January 2023 Oliver Geden, Matthew Gidden, William F Lamb, Jan C Minx, Gregory F Nemet, Carter Powis, Stephen M Smith The New Protein Economy: policy directions (Preprint) (Opens in a new tab) ( 4.7 MB , 59 ) | September 2022 Alex Money, Sanjana Srivastav and Katherine A. Collett Making the important urgent: Can climate migration light up the slow-burn politics of the climate emergency? (Opens in a new tab) ( 996 KB , 27 ) | September 2022 Adam Parr Implications of the Energy Profits Levy for long-term UK Energy Strategy (Opens in a new tab) ( 501 KB , 9 ) | July 2022 Emma Walsh, Anupama Sen, Sam Fankhauser Deployment support for geological Greenhouse Gas Removals (GGR) in the UK (Opens in a new tab) ( 900Kb , 12 ) | June 2022 Nijia Zhou, Mirte Boot, Conor Hickey, Sam Fankhauser, Anupama Sen, Steve Smith Sustainable Finance and Transmission Mechanisms to the Real Economy (Opens in a new tab) ( 2 MB , 53 ) | April 2022 Ben Caldecott, Alex Clark, Elizabeth Harnett, Krister Koskelo, Christian Wilson & Felicia Liu Supporting the East African Off-grid Energy Industry post COVID-19 (Opens in a new tab) ( 676 KB , 10 pages ) | March 2022 Tonny Kukeera, Aoife Brophy Opportunity cost of UK dependence on Russian oil and gas – Analysis (Opens in a new tab) ( 450 KB , 9 pages ) | March 2022 Emma Walsh, Anupama Sen & Cameron Hepburn Implications of the International Energy Agency Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario for Net Zero Committed Financial Institutions (Opens in a new tab) ( 2 MB , 45 pages ) | March 2022 Christian Wilson, Anthony Limburg, and Ben Caldecott Investing in professionalized maintenance to increase social and economic returns from drinking water infrastructure in rural Kenya (Opens in a new tab) ( 900 KB , 9 pages ) | February 2022 Tim Foster, Rob Hope, Cliff Nyaga, Johanna Koehler, Jacob Katuva, Patrick Thomson and Nancy Gladstone The Carbon Club revisited, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 980 KB , 30 pages ) | February 2022 Bethan Adams, Kaya Axelsson and Adam Parr. Working Paper 22-01 Predictors of Success in a Greening World (Opens in a new tab) ( 5 MB , 240 pages ) | December 2021 Pia Andres, Joris Bucker, Dr Matthew Ives, Dr Penny Mealy, Dr Kevin Tang, Dr Michael Urban, Dr Matthew McCarten, Sugandha Srivastav & Prof Cameron Hepburn The cost for the financial sector if firms delay climate action, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.1 MB , 40 pages ) | November 2021 Moritz Baer, Jacob Kastl, Alissa Kleinnijenhuis, Jakob Thomae and Ben Caldecott Munich Conference or Finest Hour? (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.3 MB , 35 pages ) | October 2021 Adam Parr Roadmap to green recovery: How could green fiscal spending support the economy, the environment and social welfare in face of economic crisis? pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.9 MB , 195 pages ) | October 2021 Brian O’Callaghan, Nick Kingsmill, Florence Waites, Dan Aylward-Mills, Julia Bird, Paul Roe, Jeffrey Beyer, Malvina Bondy, Jonathan Aron and Em Murdock Global Climate Change Impacts Attributable to Deforestation driven by the Bolsonaro Administration Expert report for submission to the International Criminal Court (Opens in a new tab) ( 4.8 MB , 97 pages ) | August 2021 Stuart-Smith, R.F., Clarke, B.J., Harrington, L.J., & Otto, F.E.L. State and trends of spatial finance 2021: Next generation climate and environmental analytics for resilient finance, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 8 MB , 44 pages ) | July 2021 Christophe Christiaen Project 'Mumuni Singani': A Blueprint for Clean Energy Provision and Sustainable Development in Rural Zambia (Opens in a new tab) ( 12.5 MB , 36 ) | July 2021 Susann Stritzke, Tonny Kukeera Attribution science and litigation: facilitating effective legal arguments and strategies to manage climate change damages (Opens in a new tab) ( 448 KB , 19 pages ) | June 2021 Rupert Stuart-Smith, Aisha Saad, Friederike Otto, Gaia Lisi, Kristian Lauta, Petra Minnerop & Thom Wetzer Leveling up net zero climate leadership in the United States: An analysis of subnational net zero targets & recommendations for the Federal Government, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.8 MB , 20 pages ) | June 2021 Kate Cullen, Kaya Axelsson, Stephen Lezak, Thomas Hale, John Lang and Stephen Smith. Working paper 21-01 Zero-Emissions Shipping: Contracts-for-difference as incentives for the decarbonisation of international shipping, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.6 MB , 128 pages ) | June 2021 Alex Clark, Matthew Ives, Byron Fay, Johanna Schiele, Lukas Larsson, Leah Tillmann-Morris, Peter Barbrook-Johnson and Cameron Hepburn Pagination Current page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Next page Next › Last page Last »
Lost potential: how the kidnapping of a solar energy pioneer impacted the cost of renewable energy and the climate crisis (Opens in a new tab) Uncovering a forgotten chapter in solar energy history: in the early 1900s George Cove, a renewable energy inventor was shining a light on alternative energy sources with his revolutionary invention. It harnessed the photovoltaic effect to power small household devices. ( 2 MB , 18 ) | October 2023 Dr Sugandha Srivastav
Britain’s energy demand could be met entirely by wind and solar – both practically and economically (Opens in a new tab) Policy brief from the working paper: Britain’s energy demand could be met entirely by wind and solar – both practically and economically. ( 311KB , 3 ) | September 2023 Brian O’Callaghan, Emily Hu, Jonathan Israel, Chris Llewellyn Smith, Rupert Way, Cameron Hepburn
Cleaning up cleaning: policy and stakeholder interventions to put household formulations on a pathway to net zero (Opens in a new tab) Working paper developed with Oxford Department of Chemistry, in partnership with Unilever, highlights the ‘hidden’ carbon emissions of cleaning products such as laundry detergents and shampoo. It calls for national strategies for sustainable, bio-carbon feedstocks to open up a pathway to net zero for these products and suggests a portfolio of policy options to ‘clean up cleaning’. [Working Paper No. 23-07] ( 2.7 Mb , 87 ) | September 2023 Katherine. A. Collett, Emily Fry, Sophie Griggs, Cameron Hepburn, Gloria Rosetto, Nadia Schroeder, Anupama Sen, Charlotte Williams
Could Britain’s energy demand be met entirely by wind and solar? (Opens in a new tab) This paper estimates the practical contributions that wind and solar electricity generation could make to decarbonise the GB domestic electricity system, incorporating recent advances in technology and significant declines in cost. It demonstrates that Great Britain’s practical wind and solar resources are more than sufficient to economically meet total net domestic energy needs. [Working paper 23-02] ( 2 MB , 71 ) | September 2023 Brian O’Callaghan, Emily Hu, Jonathan Israel, Chris Llewellyn Smith, Rupert Way, Cameron Hepburn
Demand or Supply? An empirical exploration of the effects of climate change on the macroeconomy [Working paper 23-05] (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.6 MB , 74 ) | July 2023 Matteo Ciccarelli, Fulvia Marotta
Vulnerability to Climate Change: Evidence from a Dynamic Factor Model (Opens in a new tab) New model used to study how temperature and rainfall are changing in different countries. This model showed how much global temperatures have gone up and how each country's temperatures are changing in relation to the global trend, helping to understand which countries are most affected by global warming. [Working paper 23-06] ( 1.5 MB , 34 ) | July 2023 Fulvia Marotta, Haroon Mumtaz
Designing for Comparability: a foundational principle of analysis missing in carbon reporting systems (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.96mb , 70 ) | July 2023 Jimmy Jia, Abrar Chaudhury, Nicola Ranger
Mission Climate Ready: Unleashing finance and investment for a prosperous Climate Ready economy (Opens in a new tab) ( 647 KB , 14 ) | July 2023 Nicola Ranger, Catherine Bremner, Kathryn Brown, Kit England, Sam Fankhauser, Ingrid Holmes, Emma Howard Boyd
Report: Mission Climate Ready: Unleashing finance and investment for a prosperous Climate Ready economy (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.7 Mb , 78 ) | July 2023 Nicola Ranger, Catherine Bremner, Kathryn Brown, Kit England, Sam Fankhauser, Ingrid Holmes, Emma Howard Boyd
The Green Phoenix Framework: a climate-positive plan for economic recovery in Ukraine [Working paper 23-03] (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.13MB , 59 ) | June 2023 Anastasiia Zagoruichyk, Oleh Savytskyi, Ievgeniia Kopytsia, Brian O'Callaghan
A clean energy transition powered by modern renewables can turbocharge the UK economy, and net zero transition (Opens in a new tab) ( 409 KB , 6 ) | June 2023 Lennart Baumgärtner, Cameron Hepburn, Anupama Sen, Rupert Way
Mobilising investment for Climate Compatible Growth Zambia (Opens in a new tab) ( 4.5 Mb , 64 ) | June 2023 Money, A., Carew-Jones, G., Rowley, L., Grey, J., Daka, R., Ching’ambo, L.. Desai, K., Sambo, C., Mwamba, S., Miti, L., Maliseni, J., Ndiili
Mobilising investment for Climate Compatible Growth Zambia - Executive Summary (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.9Mb , 8 ) | June 2023 Money, A., Carew-Jones, G., Rowley, L., Grey, J., Daka, R., Ching’ambo, L.. Desai, K., Sambo, C., Mwamba, S., Miti, L., Maliseni, J., Ndiili, N.
Impact on solar energy costs of tripling renewables capacity by 2030 [Analysis] (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.63 MB , 4 ) | May 2023 Rupert Way, Cameron Hepburn
Decarbonising state-owned power companies [Working paper 23-01] (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.65MB , 52 ) | May 2023 Moritz Schwarz, Philippe Benoit, Alex Clark
Net zero portfolio targets for development finance institutions (DFIs): challenges and solutions (Opens in a new tab) ( 7.1MB , 26 ) | March 2023 Sam Fankhauser, Sugandha Srivastav, Ingrid Sundvor, Stephanie Hirmer and Gireesh Shrimali
Keeping piped water flowing in rural India (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.3 MB , 14 ) | March 2023 Rob Hope, Duncan McNicholl, Medha Mukherjee and Nicolas Dickinson
Case studies in adaptation finance (Opens in a new tab) ( 1.1MB , 37 ) | February 2023 Sam Fankhauser, Kirsty Britz, Ian Dickie, Kit England, Candice Howarth and Nicola Ranger
The role of Ministries of Finance in driving and shaping the low-carbon energy transition (Opens in a new tab) ( 7MB , 56 ) | January 2023 Swedish Energy Agency and Smith School collaboration
The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal (Opens in a new tab) ( 27MB , 109 ) | January 2023 Oliver Geden, Matthew Gidden, William F Lamb, Jan C Minx, Gregory F Nemet, Carter Powis, Stephen M Smith
The New Protein Economy: policy directions (Preprint) (Opens in a new tab) ( 4.7 MB , 59 ) | September 2022 Alex Money, Sanjana Srivastav and Katherine A. Collett
Making the important urgent: Can climate migration light up the slow-burn politics of the climate emergency? (Opens in a new tab) ( 996 KB , 27 ) | September 2022 Adam Parr
Implications of the Energy Profits Levy for long-term UK Energy Strategy (Opens in a new tab) ( 501 KB , 9 ) | July 2022 Emma Walsh, Anupama Sen, Sam Fankhauser
Deployment support for geological Greenhouse Gas Removals (GGR) in the UK (Opens in a new tab) ( 900Kb , 12 ) | June 2022 Nijia Zhou, Mirte Boot, Conor Hickey, Sam Fankhauser, Anupama Sen, Steve Smith
Sustainable Finance and Transmission Mechanisms to the Real Economy (Opens in a new tab) ( 2 MB , 53 ) | April 2022 Ben Caldecott, Alex Clark, Elizabeth Harnett, Krister Koskelo, Christian Wilson & Felicia Liu
Supporting the East African Off-grid Energy Industry post COVID-19 (Opens in a new tab) ( 676 KB , 10 pages ) | March 2022 Tonny Kukeera, Aoife Brophy
Opportunity cost of UK dependence on Russian oil and gas – Analysis (Opens in a new tab) ( 450 KB , 9 pages ) | March 2022 Emma Walsh, Anupama Sen & Cameron Hepburn
Implications of the International Energy Agency Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario for Net Zero Committed Financial Institutions (Opens in a new tab) ( 2 MB , 45 pages ) | March 2022 Christian Wilson, Anthony Limburg, and Ben Caldecott
Investing in professionalized maintenance to increase social and economic returns from drinking water infrastructure in rural Kenya (Opens in a new tab) ( 900 KB , 9 pages ) | February 2022 Tim Foster, Rob Hope, Cliff Nyaga, Johanna Koehler, Jacob Katuva, Patrick Thomson and Nancy Gladstone
The Carbon Club revisited, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 980 KB , 30 pages ) | February 2022 Bethan Adams, Kaya Axelsson and Adam Parr. Working Paper 22-01
Predictors of Success in a Greening World (Opens in a new tab) ( 5 MB , 240 pages ) | December 2021 Pia Andres, Joris Bucker, Dr Matthew Ives, Dr Penny Mealy, Dr Kevin Tang, Dr Michael Urban, Dr Matthew McCarten, Sugandha Srivastav & Prof Cameron Hepburn
The cost for the financial sector if firms delay climate action, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.1 MB , 40 pages ) | November 2021 Moritz Baer, Jacob Kastl, Alissa Kleinnijenhuis, Jakob Thomae and Ben Caldecott
Munich Conference or Finest Hour? (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.3 MB , 35 pages ) | October 2021 Adam Parr
Roadmap to green recovery: How could green fiscal spending support the economy, the environment and social welfare in face of economic crisis? pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 3.9 MB , 195 pages ) | October 2021 Brian O’Callaghan, Nick Kingsmill, Florence Waites, Dan Aylward-Mills, Julia Bird, Paul Roe, Jeffrey Beyer, Malvina Bondy, Jonathan Aron and Em Murdock
Global Climate Change Impacts Attributable to Deforestation driven by the Bolsonaro Administration Expert report for submission to the International Criminal Court (Opens in a new tab) ( 4.8 MB , 97 pages ) | August 2021 Stuart-Smith, R.F., Clarke, B.J., Harrington, L.J., & Otto, F.E.L.
State and trends of spatial finance 2021: Next generation climate and environmental analytics for resilient finance, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 8 MB , 44 pages ) | July 2021 Christophe Christiaen
Project 'Mumuni Singani': A Blueprint for Clean Energy Provision and Sustainable Development in Rural Zambia (Opens in a new tab) ( 12.5 MB , 36 ) | July 2021 Susann Stritzke, Tonny Kukeera
Attribution science and litigation: facilitating effective legal arguments and strategies to manage climate change damages (Opens in a new tab) ( 448 KB , 19 pages ) | June 2021 Rupert Stuart-Smith, Aisha Saad, Friederike Otto, Gaia Lisi, Kristian Lauta, Petra Minnerop & Thom Wetzer
Leveling up net zero climate leadership in the United States: An analysis of subnational net zero targets & recommendations for the Federal Government, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.8 MB , 20 pages ) | June 2021 Kate Cullen, Kaya Axelsson, Stephen Lezak, Thomas Hale, John Lang and Stephen Smith. Working paper 21-01
Zero-Emissions Shipping: Contracts-for-difference as incentives for the decarbonisation of international shipping, pdf (Opens in a new tab) ( 2.6 MB , 128 pages ) | June 2021 Alex Clark, Matthew Ives, Byron Fay, Johanna Schiele, Lukas Larsson, Leah Tillmann-Morris, Peter Barbrook-Johnson and Cameron Hepburn